Flanges and Fittings
Description:
Flanges and Fittings play crucial roles in the construction and operation of vacuum systems. They provide means for connecting different components, chambers, and instruments within the vacuum system while maintaining a high vacuum or
ultra-high vacuum environment.
Some details about fittings and flanges commonly used in vacuum systems:
- Flanges: Flanges are flat, typically circular plates with bolt holes around the perimeter. They are used to connect vacuum chambers, components, and instruments together. Flanges come in various sizes, shapes, and materials to accommodate different vacuum system requirements. Common materials for flanges include stainless steel, aluminum, and glass.
- Fittings: Fittings are components used to connect different vacuum system elements such as vacuum pumps, gauges, valves, and chambers. They come in various shapes and sizes to accommodate different vacuum system configurations. Common types of fittings include elbows, tees, crosses, reducers, and adapters.
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Description
Types of Flanges:
1. KF (Quick-Flange)
- KF flanges are commonly used in low to medium vacuum applications. They feature a quick-release clamp mechanism that allows for easy assembly and disassembly of vacuum components.
2. CF (Conflat)
- CF flanges are designed for high vacuum and ultra-high vacuum applications. They use knife-edge seals and copper gaskets to create a high vacuum-tight seal. CF flanges are bolted together using stainless steel bolts and nuts.
3.1 ISO-K
- ISO-K flanges are standardized vacuum flanges often used in industrial vacuum systems. They feature a rubber O-ring seal and clamping system for easy assembly.
3.2 ISO-F
- Similar to ISO-K flanges, ISO-F flanges are also standardized vacuum flanges but feature a metal gasket seal instead of an Oring seal.
Materials: Fittings and flanges used in vacuum systems are typically made from materials that are compatible with vacuum
conditions and do not outgas or contaminate the vacuum environment. Common materials include stainless steel, aluminum,
brass, and certain plastics such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).
Sealing: Proper sealing is essential for maintaining vacuum integrity in a vacuum system. Flanges and fittings utilize different
sealing mechanisms such as elastomeric O-rings, metal gaskets, or knife-edge seals depending on the vacuum level and
application requirements.
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